What is a macular hole?
A macular hole is a condition in which a full-thickness hole develops in the macula, the area of the retina responsible for clear, central vision. Patients with macular holes notice blurred vision, distortion, or a dark spot in their central vision. These symptoms can vary from mild to severe depending on the size of the hole. The risk of developing a macular hole increases with age.
How is a macular hole treated?
Because most macular holes cause decreased vision and usually do not get better on their own, vitrectomy surgery with the placement of a gas bubble is usually recommended. After surgery, patients must maintain certain positioning requirements (e.g. sleeping on their side) for several days to allow the gas bubble to support the macula during its healing process. The bubble “dissolves” on its own after a few weeks. The success rate for this surgery is over 90%, and most patients experience improved vision once the hole has closed.